MIDLIFE ADULT USE

MIDLIFE ADULT USE: Ages 30-65 in humans, or equivalent in animals. 

• 2023
• Adult Marijuana and Psychedelics use now at "historic highs" while teen consumption remains stable, federally funded study finds. https://www.marijuanamoment.net/adult-marijuana-and-psychedelics-use-now-at-historic-highs-while-teen-consumption-remains-stable-federally-funded-study-finds/ 
• 2020
• Greater delay discounting and cannabis coping motives are associated with more frequent cannabis use in a large sample of adult cannabis users. (USA, abstract, 2020) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871619305976?via%3Dihub 
• The Use of Cannabis as a Treatment for Epilepsy in Adult Patients: Are Side Effects a Limitation of Use? (Canada/ Colombia, abstract, 2020) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31895185/ 
• Harmful drinking, tobacco, and marijuana use in the 2000-2015 National Alcohol Surveys: Examining differential trends by sexual identity. (USA, abstract, 2020) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31951792/ 
• Marijuana in pediatric and adult congenital heart disease heart transplant listing: A survey of provider practices and attitudes. (USA, abstract, 2020) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31960528/ 
• 2019
• Marijuana Use among African American Older Adults in Economically Challenged Areas of South Los Angeles. (USA, full, 2019) https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3425/9/7/166/htm 
• Substance use is independently associated with pneumonia severity in persons living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). (USA, full, 2019) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6751019/ 
• Substitution of marijuana for opioids in a national survey of US adults. (USA, full, 2019) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6777788/ 
• Did marijuana legalization in Washington State reduce racial disparities in adult marijuana arrests? (USA, full, 2019) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6948106/ 
• The Effect of Medical Marijuana Laws on the Health and Labor Supply of Older Adults: Evidence from the Health and Retirement Study. (USA, link to PDF, 2019) https://www.nber.org/papers/w22688 
• Co-use and Mixing Tobacco with Cannabis among Ontario Adults. (Canada/ USA, link to PDF, 2019) https://academic.oup.com/ntr/article-abstract/doi/10.1093/ntr/ntz238/5684933?redirectedFrom=fulltext 
• Analysis of trends in the prevalence of cannabis use and related metrics in Canada. (Canada, link to download, 2019) https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-003-x/2019006/article/00001-eng.pdf 
• Tobacco and cannabis co-use and interrelatedness among adults. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318305082?via%3Dihub 
• Typology of cannabis use among adults: A latent class approach to risk and protective factors. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318309237?via%3Dihub 
• Use of marijuana exclusively for medical purposes. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871618305660?via%3Dihub 
• Is Cannabis Use Associated with Sedentary Behavior during Leisure Time? A Study in Canada, 2011-2012. (Canada, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30658548/ 
• Exploring Cannabis-Specific Parenting as a Mechanism of the Intergenerational Transmission of Cannabis Use and Cannabis Use Disorder. (USA/ Republic of Korea, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30807272/ 
• Lifetime marijuana use in relation to insulin resistance in lean, overweight, and obese US adults. (Canada, abstract, 2019) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/1753-0407.12958 
• Associations between adolescent cannabis use frequency and adult brain structure: A prospective study of boys followed to adulthood. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871619302352?via%3Dihub 
• Trends in cannabis use among immigrants in the United States, 2002-2017: Evidence from two national surveys. (USA/ Republic of Korea, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31593886/ 
• Cannabis use disorders among adults in the United States during a time of increasing use of cannabis. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871619302273 
• Endocannabinoid System Alterations in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Review of Developmental and Accumulative Effects of Trauma. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31660473/ 
• Cognitive outcomes associated with long-term, regular, recreational cannabis use in adults: A meta-analysis. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31670548/ 
• Cannabis use in Switzerland 2015-2045: A population survey based model. (Switzerland, abstract,  2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0955395919300647?via%3Dihub 
• An Integrated Review of Cannabis and Cannabinoids in Adult Oncologic Pain Management. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1524904218302091 
• Evaluation of the effects of CBD hemp extract on opioid use and quality of life indicators in chronic pain patients: a prospective cohort study. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31711352/ 
• Depressive symptoms and cannabis use in a placebo-controlled trial of N-Acetylcysteine for adult cannabis use disorder. (USA, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31712969/ 
• Emergency department presentations related to acute toxicity following recreational use of cannabis products in Switzerland. (Switzerland, abstract, 2019) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0376871619305034?via%3Dihub 
• Short-term effects of cannabis consumption on cognitive performance in medical cannabis patients. (Canada/ USA, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31790276/ 
• Developmental differences in the effects of CB1/2R agonist WIN55212-2 on extinction of learned fear. (Australia, abstract, 2019) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31830508/ 
• THC exposure during adolescence does not modify nicotine reinforcing effects and relapse in adult male mice. (Spain, abstract, 2019) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00213-019-05416-8 
• 2018
• Study: Family TV Time Often Involves Marijuana (news–2018)
  https://cannabisnow.com/study-family-tv-time-often-involves-marijuana/
• Marijuana Use Among Adults 50 Years or Older in the 21st Century. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6024284/ 
• Marijuana Use in Adults Living with Sickle Cell Disease. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6044416/ 
• Effects of an early life experience on rat brain cannabinoid receptors in adolescence and adulthood. (Greece, full, 2018) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2451830117300511?via%3Dihub 
• Past-month cannabis use among U.S. individuals from 2002–2015: An age-period-cohort analysis. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6542262/ 
• Disparities in substance use behaviors and disorders among adult sexual minorities by age, gender, and sexual identity. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6083846/ 
• Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol changes the brain lipidome and transcriptome differentially in the adolescent and the adult. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5987162/ 
• Testing associations between cannabis use and subcortical volumes in two large population-based samples. (USA/ Australia/ UK, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6200645/ 
• Age Differences in Daily and Non-daily Cannabis Use in the United States, 2002-2014. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6005250/ 
• Cigar and Marijuana Blunt Use Among Pregnant and Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age in the United States, 2006-2016. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6050836/
• Exploring Substance Use and Impaired Driving Among Adults Aged 21 Years and Older in the US, 2015. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6341461/ 
• Aberrant structural-functional coupling in adult cannabis users. (USA/ Republic of Korea, full, 2018) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/hbm.24369 
• Gene Expression of Endocannabinoid System Components in Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue of South Asians and White Caucasians with Overweight. (Netherlands, full, 2018) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/oby.22245 
• Marijuana use by middle-aged and older adults in the United States, 2015-2016. (USA, full, 2018) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6159910/ 
• Developmental sensitivity to cannabis use patterns and risk for major depressive disorder in mid-life: findings from 40 years of follow-up. (UK, click “semanticscholar” for download, 2018) https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=%22Developmental+sensitivity+to+cannabis+use+patterns+and+risk+for+major+depressive+disorder+in+mid-life%3A+findings+from+40+years+of+follow-up.&btnG 
• Cannabis Withdrawal in Adults With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. (France/ USA, abstract, 2018) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29489073/ 
• Correct knowledge of medical cannabis legal status in one's own state: Differences between adolescents and adults in the United States, 2004–2013. (USA/ France, abstract, 2018) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460318301138?via%3Dihub 
• Concomitant THC and stress adolescent exposure induces impaired fear extinction and related neurobiological changes in adulthood. (Spain, abstract, 2018) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0028390818308517?via%3Dihub 
• Benefits and adverse effects of cannabis use among adults with persistent pain. (USA, abstract, 2018) https://www.nursingoutlook.org/article/S0029-6554(18)30563-3/fulltext 
• 2017
• Use of Marijuana for Medical Purposes Among Adults in the United States (abst–2017) https://www.pharmacist.com/article/use-marijuana-medical-purposes-among-adults-united-states
• Should you smoke weed with your grown kids? (news–2017) http://www.marketwatch.com/story/should-you-smoke-weed-with-your-grown-kids-2017-05-02
• Study: Middle-aged white men marijuana use on the rise (news–2017) https://www.rti.org/news/study-middle-aged-white-men-marijuana-use-rise
• Study contradicts negative stereotypes about marijuana consumers (news–2017) http://kdvr.com/2017/06/15/study-contradicts-negative-stereotypes-about-marijuana-consumers/
• Cannabis Consumers Are Happy Campers (news–2017) http://www.bdsanalytics.com/cannabis-consumers-happy-campers/
• Marijuana Consumers: Young, Well-Paid, College-Educated (news–2017) http://247wallst.com/consumer-products/2017/06/27/marijuana-consumers-young-well-paid-college-educated/
• Eaze Insights: The Modern Marijuana Consumer (news – 2017) https://www.eaze.com/blog/posts/eaze-insights-modern-marijuana-consumer
• Why pot-smoking declines — but doesn’t end — with parenthood (news – 2017) http://www.washington.edu/news/2017/06/01/why-pot-smoking-declines-but-doesnt-end-with-parenthood/
• An Australian nationwide survey on medicinal cannabis use for epilepsy: History of antiepileptic drug treatment predicts medicinal cannabis use. (Australia, full, 2017) https://www.epilepsybehavior.com/article/S1525-5050(17)30073-2/fulltext
• Association Between Use of Cannabis in Adolescence and Weight Change into Midlife. (Australia/ Denmark, full, 2017) https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0168897 
• Associations between Cannabis Use and Physical Health Problems in Early Midlife: A Longitudinal Comparison of Persistent Cannabis versus Tobacco Users. (USA/ New Zealand/ UK, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4936934/ 
• Cannabis use among patients at a comprehensive cancer center in a state with legalized medicinal and recreational use. (USA, full, 2017) https://acsjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/cncr.30879 
• Longitudinal pathways from unconventional personal attributes in the late 20s to cannabis use prior to sexual intercourse in the late 30s. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5595245/ 
• Cannabis use patterns and motives: A comparison of younger, middle-aged, and older medical cannabis dispensary patients. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5492936/ 
• Loose regulation of medical marijuana programs associated with higher rates of adult marijuana use but not cannabis use disorder. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5735415/ 
• Predictors of Adult E-Cigarette Users Vaporizing Cannabis Using E-Cigarettes and Vape-Pens. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5409866/ 
• Determinants of peripheral airway function in adults with and without asthma. (Australia/ New Zealand/ Canada, full, 2017) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/resp.13045 
• Structural Neuroimaging Correlates of Alcohol and Cannabis Use in Adolescents and Adults. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5673530/ 
• A randomized placebo-controlled trial of N-acetylcysteine for cannabis use disorder in adults. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5535813/ 
• Cannabis use, attitudes, and legal status in the U.S.: A review. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6348863/ 
• Acute and long-term effects of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol on object recognition and anxiety-like activity are age- and strain-dependent in mice. (USA, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5690484/ 
• Perspectives on marijuana use and effectiveness: A survey of NARCOMS participants. (USA/ Canada, full, 2017) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5648201/ 
• Regulating Cannabis Social Clubs: A comparative analysis of legal and self-regulatory practices in Spain, Belgium and Uruguay. (Belgium/ Uruguay/ Spain, click “ugentbe” for download, 2017) https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=%22Regulating+Cannabis+Social+Clubs%3A+A+comparative+analysis+of+legal+and+self-regulatory+practices+in+Spain%2C+Belgium+and+Uruguay.%22&btnG 
• Cannabis use and bone mineral density: NHANES 2007–2010. (USA, poster, link to PDF, 2017) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323343393_Cannabis_use_and_bone_mineral_density_NHANES_2007-2010 
• Cannabis Use and Risk for Substance Use Disorders and Mood or Anxiety Disorders. (USA, abstract, 2017) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/2610319   
• Social correlates of health status, quality of life, and mood states in patients treated with cannabidiol for epilepsy. (USA, abstract, 2017) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1525505016307314 
• Prevalence, correlates, and trends in tobacco use and cessation among current, former, and never adult marijuana users with a history of tobacco use, 2005-2014. (USA, abstract, 2017) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0306460317301703 
• Drug helplines and adult marijuana users: an assessment in Washington, Colorado, Oregon, and Alaska. (USA, abstract, 2017) https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28715253/ 
• The Effect of Medical Marijuana on Sickness Absence. (USA, abstract, 2017) https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hec.3390 
• 2016
• There’s Only One Demographic That Still Thinks Marijuana Should Be Illegal (news–2016) http://www.cheatsheet.com/culture/marijuana-legalization-survey.html/?ref=YF&yptr=yahoo
• Here’s who buys legal weed (news–2016) http://www.businessinsider.com/heres-who-buys-legal-weed-2016-12
• New analysis highlights patterns of adult medical marijuana use (news–2016) https://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/news-releases/2016/12/new-analysis-highlights-patterns-adult-medical-marijuana-use
• Association Between Lifetime Marijuana Use and Cognitive Function in Middle Age: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study. (USA/ Switzerland, full, 2016) https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/2484906 
• National Estimates of Marijuana Use and Related Indicators — National Survey on Drug Use and Health, United States, 2002–2014. (USA, full, 2016) https://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/volumes/65/ss/ss6511a1.htm?s_cid=ss6511a1_e 
• Cannabis, Tobacco, Alcohol Use, and the Risk of Early Stroke: A Population-Based Cohort Study of 45 000 Swedish Men. (Sweden, full, 2016) https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/full/10.1161/strokeaha.116.015565 
• Persistent cannabis dependence and alcohol dependence represent risks for midlife economic and social problems: A longitudinal cohort study. (USA/ UK/ NewZealand, full, 2016) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5167539/ 
• Marijuana effects on changes in brain structure and cognitive function among HIV+ and HIV- adults. (USA, full, 2016) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5240153/ 
• Prevalence and correlates of "Vaping" as a route of cannabis administration in medical cannabis patients. (USA, full, 2016) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5140730/ 
• From adolescent to elder rats: Motivation for palatable food and cannabinoids receptors. (Mexico, link to PDF, 2016) https://www.researchgate.net/publication/311552315_From_adolescent_to_elder_rats_Motivation_for_palatable_food_and_cannabinoids_receptors_Motivation_and_cannabinoid_receptors 
• Minimal Physical Health Risk Associated With Long-term Cannabis Use—But Buyer Beware. (USA, link to download, 2016) https://moffittcaspi.trinity.duke.edu/sites/moffittcaspi.trinity.duke.edu/files/cannabis-health-comment_0.pdf 
• A longitudinal examination of the relationship between cannabis use and cognitive function in mid-life adults. (Australia, click “curtinedu” for download, 2016) https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=A+longitudinal+examination+of+the+relationship+between+cannabis+use+and+cognitive+function+in+mid-life+adults&hl=en&as_sdt=0&as_vis=1&oi=scholart 
• Marijuana use in adults admitted to a Canadian epilepsy monitoring unit. (Canada, abstract, 2016) https://www.epilepsybehavior.com/article/S1525-5050(16)30334-1/fulltext 
• 2015
• Daily marijuana use is not associated with brain morphometric measures in adolescents or adults. (USA, full, 2015) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4308597/ 
• Synthetic cannabinoids and acute kidney injury. (USA, full, 2015) https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4569229/ 
• Marijuana use and risk of prediabetes and diabetes by middle adulthood: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. (USA, full, 2015) https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00125-015-3740-3 
• Synthetic cannabinoids as a cause for black carbonaceous bronchoalveolar lavage. (2) (USA, link to download, 2015) https://casereports.bmj.com/content/casereports/2015/bcr-2015-211391.full.pdf 
• Association Between Cannabis Use and the Risk of Bladder Cancer: Results From the California Men's Health Study. (USA, abstract, 2015) https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Association-between-cannabis-use-and-the-risk-of-Thomas-Wallner/9e5d7262609e10c514dad0ce457e7521b8deb50c